Do octopus brains work like humans’ — or is there another way to be smart?

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-01302-4

How a Brainless Organism Learns Using Neuron-Like Machinery

https://neurosciencenews.com/single-cell-learning-camkii-30629/

‘The Brain, In Theory,’ an excerpt

https://www.thetransmitter.org/theoretical-neuroscience/the-brain-in-theory-an-excerpt/

Dogs’ brains began to shrink at least 5,000 years ago, study finds

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2026/apr/29/dogs-brains-shrink-5000-years-ago?CMP=share_btn_url

‘The Fox, the Shrew, and You: How Brains Evolved,’ an excerpt

https://www.thetransmitter.org/evolution/the-fox-the-shrew-and-you-how-brains-evolved-an-excerpt/

Chimpanzee calls trigger unique brain activity in humans, revealing shared vocal processing skills

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-chimpanzee-trigger-unique-brain-humans.html

Microbes may hold the key to brain evolution

https://phys.org/news/2026-01-microbes-key-brain-evolution.html